Tobacco use before total hip and total knee arthroplasty significantly increases the risk of wound complications and joint infection. Bedard, N. A., et al. (2019). "Tobacco Use and Risk of Wound Complications and Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty Procedures." Journal of Arthroplasty 34(2): 385-396 e384.
Systematic review of the effects of smoking, smoking cessation, and nicotine replacement on wound healing, including a detailed review of how smoking affects wound healing. Sorensen, L. T. (2012). "Wound healing and infection in surgery: the pathophysiological impact of smoking, smoking cessation, and nicotine replacement therapy: a systematic review." Ann Surg 255(6): 1069-1079.
Smokers who abstained on the morning of surgery are less likely to developing a surgical site infection than those who continued to smoke. Nolan MB, Martin DP, Thompson R, et al. Association Between Smoking Status, Preoperative Exhaled Carbon Monoxide Levels, and Postoperative Surgical Site Infection in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery. JAMA Surg 2017 doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.5704